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Part of your World

Practical Earth Science Knowledge for the Real World by Cindy Wright

Copyright © 2012 by Cindy Wright.
ISBN: 978-1-62050-550-2

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Earth is the only planet that so far has been found to be home to
living things. While other planets have ice, Earth is the only one to have
liquid water that supports life. Moons and other planets seem to have
elements similar to Earth’s (like seasons, atmospheres, and sometimes
weather), but none of the others can boast an abundance of life.
Mars, the red planet, is about half the size of Earth. Both
planets have approximately the same amount of land though.
Mars shares many common features with Earth, like weather,
geographical similarities, and ice caps. However, it has no liquid
water to speak of. This makes it impossible for Mars to support
life. It has two small moons that orbit it which are thought to be
captured asteroids.

Jupiter is by far the largest planet of the solar system. In fact,
not only is it large but its gravitational pull is large as well. It has
67 recognized moons that orbit around it, making it almost like
a miniature solar system. Jupiter has great dust storms that are
constant, including the Great Red Spot. The Great Red Spot is a
dust storm that has been on-going for hundreds of years.
Saturn is considered to be a gas giant, meaning that it
mostly consists of hydrogen and helium gas. Its rings are the
most spectacular of the solar system, made of chunks of ice and
rock. A known 53 moons orbit Saturn, while others are up for
consideration still. Its magnetic field is almost 600 times greater
than Earth’s, allowing it to pull more asteroids and minor planets
into orbit around it.

Uranus has two sets of rings that surround it, along with 27
recognized moons. Being a gas giant, it too is made of hydrogen and
helium, though scientists have discovered traces of both methane
and ammonia. The methane is considered to be responsible for
the blue tint of the planet. Similar to Venus, Uranus also rotates
in the opposite direction (east to west). In addition, it appears to
be rotating vertically instead of horizontally because the planet is
tilted, something probably caused by a collision with Neptune.
Neptune is thirty times further away from the sun than the
Earth, something that is related to its lengthy year. Neptune only
orbits the sun once every 165 years due to the long distance that
it needs to travel. It has six rings and thirteen known moons that
surround it. The last of the planets in the solar system, it also has
large amounts of ice due to its position so far from the sun. Pluto
used to be considered a planet because it was drawn in so closely

 to Neptune, though now it has been announced to be a dwarf
planet.

 

The sun is what allows for Earth to have life by providing heat
and warmth, lessening the cold during harsh winters and dark
nights. Though it is a large star, it is not the only one in the galaxy
of the sun’s size and stature. It is 27 million degrees Fahrenheit at its
core and the size of about one million Earths. It is also the closest
star to Earth when compared to the distances of the other stars that
we see in the night sky. The pressure within the sun is tremendous
because it is made of hot gases that are held together by gravity.


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